1018 대 4140 강철: 작업에 적합한 금속 선택 가이드

1018 steel and 4140 steel are used a lot in my work. But they are not the same at all. In this post, I will explain the 1018 vs 4140 steel differences. I will use easy words. I will use what I know to help you choose the right steel for your fabrication project. This can save you time and also save you money. It is very important to know about these two metals. This helps you make parts that do their job and do not break.

What Exactly is 1018 Steel? Let’s Talk Basics.

Let’s begin with the simple facts. 1018 steel is a low carbon carbon steel. If you have ever used a steel for everyday jobs, you likely used 1018 steel. You can learn a lot just from the name. In the way we name this steel grade, the last two digits tell you the carbon content. So, 1018 steel has about 0.18 percent carbon. This is not much carbon. That is why we say it is a low carbon steel.

The 1018 steel has a low carbon content. This makes it a soft metal. It is also very easy to shape. People often call this type of steel a mild steel. It has very good ductility. Ductility means you can bend it and shape it, and it will not break. This is why it is great for things like cold forming. These features make this steel simple to use. It has moderate strength and a pretty low hardness. So, you should not use it for jobs that have a lot of stress. The 1018 steel does not have a lot of other metals in it. This lower alloy content makes it cost less and is simple to make.

And What Makes 4140 Steel Different?

Now, let’s look at 4140 steel. It is a much tougher kind of steel. This steel is very different. 4140 steel is an alloy steel. This means it has more than just iron and carbon in it. People have added other things to this alloy. These additions give it special abilities. The main additions in this steel alloy are chromium and molybdenum.

This special mix in the alloy content makes 4140 steel a lot stronger. It is also tougher than a basic carbon steel. The “40” in 4140 steel tells us it has a carbon content of around 0.40 percent. This higher carbon content is a very important difference. It is more than two times the carbon content in 1018 steel. This carbon is the key to unlocking the amazing strength and hardness of 4140 steel. You do this with heat treatment. This is a very popular steel for serious jobs. It is known for its exceptional strength.

What’s the Big Deal About Carbon Content in 1018 and 4140 Steel?

I get this question a lot. So why is the carbon content so important? You can think of carbon like a special ingredient. It is what allows a steel to become very hard. The carbon amount in 1018 steel is very low. The low carbon content contributes to its softness. It also makes it easy to weld. But this also means that heat treatment will not make it a lot harder.

But 4140 steel is different. It has a higher carbon content. This extra carbon is what heat treatment needs to do its job. When you use heat treatment on 4140 steel, you heat it up and cool it down. The carbon helps make very hard parts inside the metal. This is the reason 4140 steel has such high strength and is so tough. If you understand this, you will know the biggest differences between 1018 and 4140. This is why these 1018 and 4140 steel materials are made for very different kinds of work.

How Do 1018 vs 4140 Steel Compare on Hardness and Strength?

Here is where you can see the biggest difference. It is in the 1018 vs 4140 steel comparison. Words are one thing. Let’s look at the actual numbers to see the facts. The mechanical properties of these two metals are very, very different. The 4140 steel is much stronger.

You can see from the table that 4140 steel is stronger than 1018 steel. This is true even when the 4140 steel is in its soft, anneal state. But when you use heat treatment, there is no competition at all. The tensile strength of heat-treated 4140 steel is over two times bigger than the tensile strength of 1018 steel. The hardness gets much higher, too. 4140 steel has a higher yield strength. The yield strength is the amount of force it takes to bend the metal so it stays bent. Because of this high strength, we use the 4140 alloy steel for very hard jobs. It is easy to see that 4140 steel has much better mechanical properties.

The lower hardness of 1018 steel is not always a bad thing. It makes it easier to machine. But for parts that need great strength and wear resistance, 4140 steel is the winner. The strength and toughness of this alloy are fantastic.

Can You Weld 1018 and 4140 Metal? A Look at Fabrication.

If you need to do a lot of welding for your project, this is a very important thing to ask. 1018 steel is very, very easy to weld. Because it is a low carbon steel, it is easy to work with and does not cause problems. You can use most normal ways to weld it. You also do not need to heat it up before you start. For most fabrication jobs, 1018 steel is the easiest metal you can weld.

Now, let’s look at 4140 steel. It is possible to weld this alloy steel. But you need to be very careful when you do it. I have seen people try to weld 4140 steel the same way they weld mild steel. When they do this, the weld breaks. It has a special alloy and more carbon. Because of this, you have to heat the part up first, before you weld it. When you are done welding, you must let it get cool very slowly. You do this to prevent cracking. This makes it harder to do fabrication with 4140 steel. It also costs more money. The fact that 1018 steel is easy to machine and weld is a very big benefit.

Which Steel is Easier to Machine? 1018 vs 4140.

Machinability is how easily a metal can be cut. This changes how quickly you can make a part. It also changes how long your tools will last before they get dull. When we compare 1018 steel vs 4140 steel, 1018 steel is much better for this. 1018 steel has a rating for machinability of about 78%. It is a soft metal and is very easy to cut. This means you can machine it very fast. This good machinability helps you save a lot of time. It also saves money in the workshop.

The 4140 steel is not as easy to machine. In its soft state, its rating is about 66%. It is a tougher metal. So you need to run the machine at a slower speed. You also have to take smaller cuts. This alloy will wear out your tools faster. And it is very, very difficult to machine 4140 steel after it has gone through heat treatment. So if your job needs you to cut away a lot of metal, 1018 steel is a much better alloy to use. It is much more machinable.

What About Heat Treatment for These Two Steels?

Heat treatment is a way to change a steel’s properties using heat. This is another place where you can see big differences between 1018 and 4140 steel. 1018 steel has low carbon. Because of this, it does not get hard all the way through when you use heat treatment. You can make the outside surface hard. This is called case-hardening. But the inside of the part will still be soft. For most kinds of work, people do not use heat treatment on 1018 steel.

But 4140 steel is different. It is made to be used with heat treatment. This is its special ability. You can machine a piece of 4140 steel when it is in its soft state. Then, you can use heat treatment. This will give it amazing strength and hardness. This process increases its strength. It also makes it tougher from the outside to the very center of the part. This makes 4140 steel useful for many different kinds of jobs. You can change this type of steel so it is just right for a certain job.

How Does Wear Resistance Stack Up for 1018 and 4140?

Wear resistance is a material’s ability to fight being worn away by friction. This is very important if you are making a part that will rub on another part. Examples are steel bars used as shafts or gears. 1018 steel has low wear resistance. It is a soft metal. So, it will get worn out fast in jobs where there is a lot of rubbing.

In this area, 4140 steel is the clear winner. The wear resistance of 4140 steel is very good. It is even better after heat treatment. It has a high hardness. This means it can handle a lot of rubbing and scraping without wearing down. It is very resistant to wear. The chromium in 4140 steel also helps with toughness and wear resistance. Because it has great wear resistance, 4140 steel is a perfect choice for machine parts that do hard work.

When Should I Use 1018 Steel for My Project?

So, with all that information, when is 1018 steel the best choice? From what I have seen, you should pick 1018 steel when the most important things are low cost and being easy to use. It is the best steel grade to use for projects that have a lot of welding. It is also great for cold forming. 1018 and 4140 both have their uses.

Use 1018 steel for parts like:

• 마운팅 브래킷
• Simple frames
• Pins and dowels in low-stress areas
• General structural parts

If the part you are making does not need to have high strength or wear resistance, then 1018 steel is a very good choice. It is a good steel for your project if you need a balance between strength and something that is very easy to work with. It is often the right steel for everyday jobs in the workshop.

When is 4140 Steel the Right Choice?

You should pick 4140 steel when how well the part works is the most important thing. This alloy steel is made for parts that must be very strong. They also need to be tough and last for a long time. It is good for jobs that do very hard work. For these jobs, the part cannot be allowed to break. The 4140 steel is often used in the oil and gas, automotive, and aerospace industries. Choosing the right steel is very, very important for this kind of work.

Use 4140 steel for parts like:

• 액슬 및 샤프트
• 기어 및 스프라켓
• High-strength bolts and studs
• Hydraulic machinery parts

The 4140 steel has amazing strength. This strength make it the ideal steel for your project if it needs to work in very hard conditions. The 4140 steel offers the ability to do a very good job. Just keep in mind that this steel grade is more difficult to machine. It is also harder to weld. Choosing the right steel means you have to think about these things. You have to look at factors such as mechanical properties and how much it costs. The special features of 4140 steel make it suitable for this kind of work.

Key Takeaways to Remember

1018 steel and 4140 steel are both good steel materials. But they are made to do different jobs. Here is an easy summary of the 1018 vs. 4140 steel comparison.

• When You Need it to be Easy: Choose 1018 steel. It is easy to machine and easy to weld.
• When You Need High Strength: Choose 4140 steel. After heat treatment, its tensile strength and hardness are much higher.
• When You Need to Weld: 1018 steel is the winner. You can weld it easily without special work. 4140 steel needs to be heated before and after to prevent cracking.
• When You Need Wear Resistance: 4140 steel is much better because of its high hardness. It’s great for parts that rub together.
• Cost: 1018 steel usually costs less. It is also easier to work with, which saves time and money. 4140 steel costs more, and the extra work it needs also adds to the total cost.